Nanoparticles as an exotic antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral agents

Globally, concerns regarding the COVID-19 pandemic its prevention have become important. Because of COVID-19 and other microbial diseases, enhance research work has emerged revealing new antimicrobial and antiviral materials and techniques. Tremendous growth in nanotechnology has opened up the door to fabricating numerous nanomaterials. These nanomaterials are employed as antimicrobial and antiviral agents for various applications with 99.99% effectiveness compared with conventional techniques. Nanoparticles possess unique physicochemical characteristics for multiple applications. This chapter details the use of nanoparticles for antifungal, antimicrobial, and antiviral applications. It describes various kinds of nanoparticles, such as nanometals, metal oxides, polymeric nanomaterials, and carbon-based nanomaterials. © 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

Peptides as antiviral drugs

Viral disorders like hepatitis, HIV-AIDS, and diseases like the recent SARS-CoV-19, are becoming the major reasons for morbidity and mortality of humans as well as animals. The massive differences between virus and its pathogenesis and epidemiology indicate that there is really no simple panacea to this problem. As an alternative treatment for viral diseases, the growing desire for natural products has prompted research into the pharmacological significance of biologically active substances from diverse natural sources. This mini review is intended to focus on the natural peptides with antiviral properties against a variety of viruses that can be further developed into potential antiviral drugs. It may lead us to develop a wide range of therapeutics that can prevent, control, and also help in eradicating such viral diseases. © 2023 by World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.